SCS-C02 — questions

A company has a legacy application that runs on a single Amazon EC2 instance. A security audit shows that the application has been using an IAM access key within its code to access an Amazon S3 bucket that is named DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1 in the same AWS account. This access key pair has the s3:GetObject permission to all objects in only this S3 bucket. The company takes the application offline because the application is not compliant with the company’s security policies for accessing other AWS resources from Amazon EC2. A security engineer validates that AWS CloudTrail is turned on in all AWS Regions. CloudTrail is sending logs to an S3 bucket that is named DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET2. This S3 bucket is in the same AWS account as DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1. However, CloudTrail has not been configured to send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The company wants to know if any objects in DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1 were accessed with the IAM access key in the past 60 days. If any objects were accessed, the company wants to know if any of the objects that are text files (.txt extension) contained personally identifiable information (PII). Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to gather this information? (Choose two.)

A security engineer creates an Amazon S3 bucket policy that denies access to all users. A few days later, the security engineer adds an additional statement to the bucket policy to allow read-only access to one other employee. Even after updating the policy, the employee sill receives an access denied message. What is the likely cause of this access denial?

A company is using Amazon Macie, AWS Firewall Manager, Amazon Inspector, and AWS Shield Advanced in its AWS account. The company wants to receive alerts if a DDoS attack occurs against the account. Which solution will meet this requirement?

A company hosts a web application on an Apache web server. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The company configured the EC2 instances to send the Apache web server logs to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs group that the company has configured to expire after 1 year. Recently, the company discovered in the Apache web server logs that a specific IP address is sending suspicious requests to the web application. A security engineer wants to analyze the past week of Apache web server logs to determine how many requests that the IP address sent and the corresponding URLs that the IP address requested. What should the security engineer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

While securing the connection between a company’s VPC and its on-premises data center, a security engineer sent a ping command from an on-premises host (IP address 203.0.113.12) to an Amazon EC2 instance (IP address 172.31.16.139). The ping command did not return a response. The flow log in the VPC showed the following: What action should be performed to allow the ping to work?

A company developed an application by using AWS Lambda, Amazon S3, Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS), and Amazon DynamoDB. An external application puts objects into the company's S3 bucket and tags the objects with date and time. A Lambda function periodically pulls data from the company's S3 bucket based on date and time tags and inserts specific values into a DynamoDB table for further processing. The data includes personally identifiable information (PII). The company must remove data that is older than 30 days from the S3 bucket and the DynamoDB table. Which solution will meet this requirement with the MOST operational efficiency?

What are the MOST secure ways to protect the AWS account root user of a recently opened AWS account? (Choose two.)

A company is expanding its group of stores. On the day that each new store opens, the company wants to launch a customized web application for that store. Each store's application will have a non-production environment and a production environment. Each environment will be deployed in a separate AWS account. The company uses AWS Organizations and has an OU that is used only for these accounts. The company distributes most of the development work to third-party development teams. A security engineer needs to ensure that each team follows the company's deployment plan for AWS resources. The security engineer also must limit access to the deployment plan to only the developers who need access. The security engineer already has created an AWS CloudFormation template that implements the deployment plan. What should the security engineer do next to meet the requirements in the MOST secure way?

A team is using AWS Secrets Manager to store an application database password. Only a limited number of IAM principals within the account can have access to the secret. The principals who require access to the secret change frequently. A security engineer must create a solution that maximizes flexibility and scalability. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company is hosting a web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application has become the target of a DoS attack. Application logging shows that requests are coming from a small number of client IP addresses, but the addresses change regularly. The company needs to block the malicious traffic with a solution that requires the least amount of ongoing effort. Which solution meets these requirements?

A company has hundreds of AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company operates out of a single AWS Region. The company has a dedicated security tooling AWS account in the organization. The security tooling account is configured as the organization's delegated administrator for Amazon GuardDuty and AWS Security Hub. The company has configured the environment to automatically enable GuardDuty and Security Hub for existing AWS accounts and new AWS accounts. The company is performing control tests on specific GuardDuty findings to make sure that the company's security team can detect and respond to security events. The security team launched an Amazon EC2 instance and attempted to run DNS requests against a test domain, example.com, to generate a DNS finding. However, the GuardDuty finding was never created in the Security Hub delegated administrator account. Why was the finding was not created in the Security Hub delegated administrator account?

An ecommerce company has a web application architecture that runs primarily on containers. The application containers are deployed on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The container images for the application are stored in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). The company's security team is performing an audit of components of the application architecture. The security team identifies issues with some container images that are stored in the container repositories. The security team wants to address these issues by implementing continual scanning and on-push scanning of the container images. The security team needs to implement a solution that makes any findings from these scans visible in a centralized dashboard. The security team plans to use the dashboard to view these findings along with other security-related findings that they intend to generate in the future. There are specific repositories that the security team needs to exclude from the scanning process. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company has a single AWS account and uses an Amazon EC2 instance to test application code. The company recently discovered that the instance was compromised. The instance was serving up malware. The analysis of the instance showed that the instance was compromised 35 days ago. A security engineer must implement a continuous monitoring solution that automatically notifies the company's security team about compromised instances through an email distribution list for high severity findings. The security engineer must implement the solution as soon as possible. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A company uses identity federation to authenticate users into an identity account (987654321987) where the users assume an IAM role named IdentityRole. The users then assume an IAM role named JobFunctionRole in the target AWS account (123456789123) to perform their job functions. A user is unable to assume the IAM role in the target account. The policy attached to the role in the identity account is: What should be done to enable the user to assume the appropriate role in the target account?

A company is using AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts for its human resources, finance, software development, and production departments. All the company's developers are part of the software development AWS account. The company discovers that developers have launched Amazon EC2 instances that were preconfigured with software that the company has not approved for use. The company wants to implement a solution to ensure that developers can launch EC2 instances with only approved software applications and only in the software development AWS account. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company has enabled Amazon GuardDuty in all AWS Regions as part of its security monitoring strategy. In one of its VPCs, the company hosts an Amazon EC2 instance that works as an FTP server. A high number of clients from multiple locations contact the FTP server. GuardDuty identifies this activity as a brute force attack because of the high number of connections that happen every hour. The company has flagged the finding as a false positive, but GuardDuty continues to raise the issue. A security engineer must improve the signal-to-noise ratio without compromising the company's visibility of potential anomalous behavior. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company is running internal microservices on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Amazon EC2 launch type. The company is using Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) private repositories. A security engineer needs to encrypt the private repositories by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). The security engineer also needs to analyze the container images for any common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs). Which solution will meet these requirements?

A company's security engineer has been tasked with restricting a contractor's IAM account access to the company’s Amazon EC2 console without providing access to any other AWS services. The contractor's IAM account must not be able to gain access to any other AWS service, even if the IAM account is assigned additional permissions based on IAM group membership. What should the security engineer do to meet these requirements?

A company manages multiple AWS accounts using AWS Organizations. The company’s security team notices that some member accounts are not sending AWS CloudTrail logs to a centralized Amazon S3 logging bucket. The security team wants to ensure there is at least one trail configured for all existing accounts and for any account that is created in the future. Which set of actions should the security team implement to accomplish this?

A company recently had a security audit in which the auditors identified multiple potential threats. These potential threats can cause usage pattern changes such as DNS access peak, abnormal instance traffic, abnormal network interface traffic, and unusual Amazon S3 API calls. The threats can come from different sources and can occur at any time. The company needs to implement a solution to continuously monitor its system and identify all these incoming threats in near-real time. Which solution will meet these requirements?